1

Summary

New Environment Class 01

## INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBJECT (05:10 PM)

- Discussion of the syllabus.
- Carries a good weightage in the prelims stage)Approx 20 questions on average.
- Sources: Class notes and material(MCAR class)
- Prelims question(PYQ) discussed.

## APPROACH (06:00 PM)

- Basic concepts should be thoroughly covered.
- Having a genuine curiosity for your surroundings actually matters in the preparation.

## ECOLOGY (06:10 PM)

- The sum total of all conditions and influences that affect the development and life of all organisms on the earth in their own surroundings.
- **Gaia hypothesis** was proposed by James Lovelock in the year 1972 which says the earth is a self-regulating body.
- **Ecosystem** is a complex relationship between living and non-living components. It is a community with lifeforms in concurrence with non-living components interacting with each other.
- The scientific study of interaction in an ecosystem is called **ecology.**
- There are **two branches** in ecology-
- a)**Autecology** refers to the study of the relationship of individual species with an environment. It is also known as population ecology.
- b)**Synecology** refers to the study of a group of organisms with multiple species in its relationship with the environment. It is called community ecology.

## LEVELS OF ORGANISM (07:10 PM)

- 1)Organism also called an Individual is the basic unit of the study of ecology, It is a living individual of species with the ability to function independently.
- 2)**Population**-Group of individuals with the **same species**, functioning as a unit of a biotic community.
- 3)**Community-** Includes population of **different species** that live with each other in a habitat.
- **4) Ecosystem** is a part of a larger biome, where living organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment.
- 5)**Biome**-Large regional unit characterised by major vegetation type and associated fauna found in specific climatic zones.Examples: Desert biome, Forest biome, Tundra biome.
- 6)**Biosphere** is a part of the earth, where life can exist. It is the interaction zone of the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere.
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)

## INTERACTIONS (FLOW OF ENERGY) (07:29 PM)

- Explained through diagrams and charts.
- ![](https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/food-chain.jpeg)
- **FOOD CHAIN**
- It is the chain of organisms existing in any natural community through which energy is transferred.
- **Two types** of food chain-
- **a)Grazing**-Begins with green plants(Not necessarily plants) can also begin with phytoplankton-primary producers.
- **b)Detritus** -Begins with dead matters.
- **FOOD WEB**
- The network of interconnected food chains so as to form a number of feeding relationships amongst different organisms of the biotic community.It provides stability to the ecosystem.
- 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)

## WILDLIFE (07:57 PM)

- The IUCN red list gives the overall presence of all the organisms present on the planet Earth.
- It covers both plants and animals.
- The region and habitat are important in which region in India it is found and what type of habitat it is.
- IUCN status list, Please refer to the below diagram(As we go rightward in the diagram the risk of extinction increases)
- **![](data:image/png;base64,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)**

## The topic for the next class: the IUCN list continued.